Easy Oracle Jumpstart: Oracle Database Management Concepts and Administration

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This book introduces you to the Oracle Database in plain Englishwith a focus on providing you with an in-depth knowledge of Oracle’s basic features and management techniques. By explaining how Oracle works, this book will provide you with the information and tools you need to manage and administer an Oracle database. Included are important Oracle tasks such as database creation, startup, shutdown and management. This book also covers Oracle’s capability to protect the data stored in the database, as well as critical daily maintenance scripts. Although focused on Oracle 10g, Easy Oracle Jumpstart includes managing Oracle 9i and 8i. This book is a valuable resource for both the new DBA and a manager wanting to understand the management and operation of an Oracle Database. Key Features Get detailed information on the inner-workings of the Oracle Database and how to effectively use Oracle’s caches Learn how Oracle provides consistent views and transactional control using UNDO and REDO logs See how Oracle protects your data with Archive Logs Protect your data with Archive Logs Learn to manage Users and database security Gain knowledge of Oracle’s Storage Structures including Locally Managed Tablespaces and ASSM Become skilled at Database Monitoring and Performance Tuning.

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Robert G. Freeman is a Senior Oracle Consultant with Burleson Consulting. Freeman one of the most famous Oracle experts and author of eight popular Oracle books, including Oracle9i RMAN Backup & Recovery and the bestselling Oracle9i and Oracle 10g New Features books. A respected Oracle expert and author, Robert serves as a writer for DBAZine and SELECT Magazine. Steve Karam is one of less than 20 DBA's worldwide to achieve the coveted Oracle 10g Certified Master status. A former senior instructor for Oracle University, Steve has a proven track record in performance and troubleshooting on dozens of high profile Oracle systems, and complex Oracle 10g RAC environments. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 – Inside the Oracle Architecture This section describes the Oracle architecture in plain English and shows you how to 1-1: Instance Architecture Creating the OFA file structure ($DBA, bdump, udump, pfile) 1-2: SGA Architecture 1-3: Background processes 1-4: Control file management Explaining the use of control files Listing the Contents of the control File File locations for control Files ObtainingControl File Information Listing control file contents 1-5: UNDO and REDO logs Displaying and Creating Rollback Segments Altering Rollback Segments Determining the Number and Size of Rollback Segments Obtaining Rollback Segment Information from v$rollstat and dba_rollback_segs Troubleshooting Rollback Segment Problems – snapshot too old Redo log concepts for recovery Online redo log (log_buffer) online redo logs and archived redo logs Oracle ARCH and LGWR background processes Redo log dictionary queries Redo log switch frequency and performance Multiplexing the Online Redo Log Files Archiving the Oracle Redo Logs Recovery using the redo log files 1-6: Users and privileges Creating New Database Users User default tablespaces and TEMP Password aging Altering and Dropping Existing Database Users Monitoring Information bbout Existing Users Identifying System and Object Privileges Granting and Revoking Privileges Creating and Modifying Roles Controlling Availability of Roles Removing Roles Using Predefined Roles Displaying Role Information from the Data Dictionary CHAPTER 2 – Managing an Oracle Instance This section 2-1: Initialization file management Creating the init.ora file Displaying init.ora values with v$parameter 2-2: Listener configuration Creating the listener.ora file 2-3: TNS names configuration Creating the tnsnames.ora file 2-4: Data buffer configuration & sizing 2-5: Shared pool configuration & Sizing 2-6: Starting and stopping Oracle Shutdown and Startup an Instance Mounting and opening an instance Chapter 3 – Oracle DBA tools This is an introduction to Oracle administration tools and techniques. 3-1: Enterprise Manager (OEM) 3-2: Schema, File & tablespace management Describing the relationship between data files, tablespaces and table Understanding Oracle segments Creating Tablespaces – using the autoextend option Changing the Size of Tablespaces – alter database datafile command Defining a TEMP tablespace Changing the default storage Settings for a tablespace 3-3: Database Maintenance Reason for reorgs – chained rows, imbalanced freelists Reorganizing Tables using Export and Import Using CTAS to reorganize data Index rebuilding 3-4: Monitoring Oracle Enterprise manager performance pack Displaying and managing Oracle sessions with v$session Monitoring the log and searching for Oracle trace files 3-5: Utilities Imp and exp utilities SQL Loader 3-6: Dictionary and v$ views The dba_, all_ and user_ structures Querying the tables, indexes, and segments views Getting view names from dict view CHAPTER 4 – Managing Oracle objects This section explores the methods used for managing all active components of the Oracle database including 4-1: File and tablespace structures Review of the storage parameters pctfree, pctused and freelists. Chained rows and pctfree Insert performance and pctused values Using the APPEND option with inserts 4-2: Table structures Creating Tables Using Appropriate Storage Settings Controlling table extents and fragmentation Analyzing Tables for CBO statistics Using the dba_tables and dba_segments views Converting Between Different Formats of ROWID 4-3: Index structures Listing the Different Types of Indexes and Their Uses Creating B-Tree, bitmap and function-based Indexes Reorganizing Indexes with alter index rebuild Dropping Indexes Getting Index Information from the Data Dictionary 4-4: Object-oriented Oracle Identification of objects - real-world modeling Object representation Data storage for composite objects Differences between existing data storage methods Benefits of object-oriented systems Comparisons of methodologies Retrofitting existing systems into object technology Improving on traditional systems design methods Internalizing object technology concepts 4-5: Oracle Object Structures Object-oriented Oracle SQL Nested Tables VARRAYS within tables Using object ID’s Using abstract data types 4-6: STATSPACK performance management Installing STATSPACK Running STATSPACK reports Interpreting a STATSPACK report Getting time series reports with STATSPACK Finding performance signatures with STATSPACK CHAPTER 5 – Performance Management This section explores the methods used for performance management in Oracle and shows tips and scripts for monitoring all components of any Oracle database. You will also learn the proper action to take when any area of Oracle becomes a bottleneck. 5-1: Bottleneck performance analysis Top-5 timed events External Server Bottlenecks (Network, I/O, RAM, CPU) 5-2: Tuning at the Instance Level Changing init.ora parameters (index_optimizer_cost_adj, optimizer_mode) Buffer busy waits Object parameters (PCTFREE, PCTUSED, INITTRANS, FREELISTS) 5-4: CBO behavior Introduction to rule-based optimization Introduction to cost-based optimization Changing the default optimizer modes Collecting table and index statistics (dbms_stats) Using column histograms Skewonly 5-5: SQL Tuning Review of Basic joining methods Merge join Hash Join Nested Loop join Advanced SQL operators Between operator Using hints to improve SQL performance Using parallel query to improve performance SQL reusability within the library cache Table high-water mark Table striping and table partitions Using indexes to improve performance Identifying full-table scans Re-writing SQL queries Tuning sub-queries 5-6: Explain plan Using EXPLAIN PLAN Interpreting EXPLAIN PLAN Output Using TKPROF Using SQL*Trace