Global Life Cycle Impact Assessments of Material Shifts: The Example of a Lead-free Electronics Industry

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Planet Earth is under stress from various environmental factors, increasing the importance of being able to estimate the environmental costs associated with dynamic material shifts. Such shifts are occurring in the electronics industry and the most famous recent example is the introduction of lead-free solders. "Global Life Cycle Impact Assessments of Material Shifts" describes the environmental implications of this shift to lead-free solders and conductive adhesives using the standardized methodology of environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA). As the product systems involved are rather small for interconnection materials it is possible x2013; using uncertainty analysis and consequential LCA x2013; to arrive at robust conclusions, even in the difficult holistic field of environmental cost accounting. The lead-free shift has many implications, such as the export of electronics waste, resource consumption, recycling issues, and technology development.

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Dr A.S.G. Andrae currently works for Huawei Technologies Sweden AB in the capacity of senior expert life cycle assessment. He has been a post-doctoral researcher at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology in Tsukuba in Japan. He obtained a PhD and a Lic. Eng. in electronics production from Chalmers University of Technologyin Sweden in 2005 and 2002 respectively, following his receipt of an MSc in chemical engineering from the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden in 1997. Andrae has published several journal papers on the life cycle assessment (LCA) of solders and conductive adhesives, as well as on LCA in microelectronics.